ABSTRACT
Objective:To establish a graded post management system for specialist nurses in medical institutions, so as to provide a reference for the selection, stratification, employment, and promotion of specialist nurses in China.Methods:Through literature review and brainstorming, the primary screening indicators of the graded post indicator management system for specialist nurses were constructed. Two rounds of Delphi method were used to consult 25 experts to construct the graded post management system for specialist nurses.Results:The effective recovery rates for two rounds of consultation were 100% and 96%, respectively, with expert authority coefficients of 0.86 and 0.89, and Kendall harmony coefficients of 0.31 and 0.54. The final establishment of a specialist nurses graded post management indicator system included 8 first level indicators, 31 second level indicators.Conclusions:The graded post management indicator system for specialist nurse could provide theoretical support for the management of specialist nurse. It was conducive to clarifying the admission standards and hierarchical framework for specialist nurses, standardizing the establishment of positions and responsibilities, and improving the competition and incentive mechanism.
ABSTRACT
Hegu needling is mainly used for the treatment of orthopedic and neurologic diseases, such as cervical spondylosis, third lumbar transverse process syndrome, myofasciitis, periarthritis of shoulder, and stroke sequela, which has a rapid and benefial effect in relieving pain and improving symptoms and signs. It is often combined with other treatment methods, such as point-point needling, electric needling, QI needling, SHU needling, bloodletting, stagnant needling, warm needling, ginger partitioned moxibustion, Qistimulated massage, Tuina, bonesetting and xercise therapy. Filiform needle or round sharp needle are mostly used in Hegu needling. At present, the acupoints of Hegu needling are mostly Ashi points or stimulation points, but the acupoints of the fourteen meridians are rarely selected. Hegu needling is rarely used in the treatment of gynecological and pediatric diseases. Hegu needling has certain effect on dementia, vertigo, panic attack, trigeminal neuralgia, facial paralysis, and cancer pain, but few clinical studies confirmedit.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the rules of acupoint sticking therapy based on data mining technology for the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart diseases, and to provide a reference for guiding acupoint selection and rational use of Chinese medicine.Methods:To search for the clinical research literature of acupoints for the treatment of angina pectoris of coronary heart diseases from China Academic Journal Database (Wanfang Data), China National Knowledge Resources Database (CNKI), China biomedical literature service system (SinoMed) and Chinese science and technology journal database (Chongqing VIP) dated from January 31, 2020. Using Microsoft Excel 2016, SPSS Statistics 21.0, and SPSS Modeler 14.2 statistical software as tools to conduct association analysis and cluster analysis on those acupoints and Chinese medicine.Results:A total of 102 acupoints application prescriptions were included, involving 38 acupoints. The top 5 frequently used acupoints were Danzhong (RN17), Neiguan (PC6), Xinshu (BL15), Zusanli (ST36), and Zhiyang (DU9). The top 5 acupuncture were Neiguan (PC6)- Sanyinjiao (SP6), Xinshu (BL15)- Geshu (BL17), Danzhong (RN17)- Geshu (BL17), Danzhong (RN17)- Jueyinshu (BL14), Danzhong (RN17)- Geshu (BL17) and Xinshu (BL15). There are 102 prescriptions of applied medicines with 88 kinds of Chinese medicine. The top 5 frequently used Chinese medicines were Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Borneolum Syntheticum, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Olibanum, Santali Albi Lignum, the top three drug pairs were Chuanxiong Rhizoma- Cinnamomi Cortex, Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus- Trichosanthis Fructus, Olibanum- Myrrha. Conclusion:The commonly used single points to treat angina pectoris of coronary heart disease are Danzhong, and usually combined with Neiguan and Xinshu, and the acupoints along the Urinary Bladder Meridian of Foot- Taiyang are used frequently; the Chinese medicines are mainly used for activating blood circulation, genenrally reflects the therapeutic principle of removing blood stasis, dredging collaterals and relieving pain.
ABSTRACT
Chronic joint pain due to loss of cartilage function, degradation of subchondral bone, and related conditions are common plights of an arthritis patient.Antioxidant compounds could solve the problems in arthritic condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of D-carvone against complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats. D-carvone was orally administered for 25 days at the doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg against CFA-induced arthritic rats. Changes in body weight, paw swelling, organ index, hematological parameters, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, and histopathology were recorded.Oral treatment of D-carvone significantly improved the body weight, reduced the paw swelling, edema formation, and organ index in arthritic rats. The levels of white blood cells were reduced, red blood cells and hemoglobin levels were improved in D-carvone treated arthritic rats. Lipid peroxidation levels were lowered whereas enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were significantly elevated by D-carvone administration against arthritic rats. D-carvone significantly modulated inflammatory cytokine levels and improved the ankle joint pathology against CFA-induced arthritic inflammation. In conclusion, D-carvone proved significant anti-arthritic activity against CFA-induced arthritis in rats.
ABSTRACT
Chronic joint pain due to loss of cartilage function, degradation of subchondral bone, and related conditions are common plights of an arthritis patient.Antioxidant compounds could solve the problems in arthritic condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of D-carvone against complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis in rats. D-carvone was orally administered for 25 days at the doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg against CFA-induced arthritic rats. Changes in body weight, paw swelling, organ index, hematological parameters, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, and histopathology were recorded.Oral treatment of D-carvone significantly improved the body weight, reduced the paw swelling, edema formation, and organ index in arthritic rats. The levels of white blood cells were reduced, red blood cells and hemoglobin levels were improved in D-carvone treated arthritic rats. Lipid peroxidation levels were lowered whereas enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were significantly elevated by D-carvone administration against arthritic rats. D-carvone significantly modulated inflammatory cytokine levels and improved the ankle joint pathology against CFA-induced arthritic inflammation. In conclusion, D-carvone proved significant anti-arthritic activity against CFA-induced arthritis in rats.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To analyze the research hotspots of domestic narrative nursing and explore its related research trends which provide reference and guidance for its application and development in China.@*Methods@#Wanfang, CNKI, VIP, CBM and other databases were retrieved from inception until October 2018. Word frequency analysis and graph cluster analysis were performed on the main information using Excel, Bicomb, Ucinet, Netdraw and gCLUTO software.@*Results@#A total of 649 articles were included. The result of visual analysis showed that the annual amount of publications showed an upward trend. The articles distributed abroad in many different journals which educational journals account mostly. The study regions were distributed in 34 provinces except Taiwan of China, Hainan, Tibet, and Macao Special Administrative Regions where mainly concentrated on East China and North China. The cooperation among authors and institutions both were not close; A total of 25 high-frequency key words were intercepted,and three hotspots of narrative nursing research in China were obtained,which respectively were: (1) The application of narrative medicine and the cultivation of narrative ability; (2) The application research of narrative therapy in humanistic care; (3) The application of narrative nursing in nursing practice.@*Conclusions@#Narrative nursing has attracted the attention of domestic scholars, but the depth and breadth of research still need to be improved. It is necessary to strengthen cooperation between inter-regional institutions, individuals and scientific research groups and pay attention to research hotspots in this field. Also,there is a need to conduct more high quality studies to verify the significance of narrative nursing.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effects between fast acupuncture and retaining acupuncture for the cervical type of cervical spondylosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients were randomized into a fast acupuncture group and a retaining needle group, 30 cases in each one. The acupoints in the two groups were Fengchi (GB 20), Jiaji (EX-B 2, C, C, C) and Jianjing (GB 21), Jianjing 1 (Extra) and Jianjing 2 (Extra). The needles in the fast acupuncture group were out afterarrival, while those in the retaining needle group were retained for 30 min, three times a week, once the other day. One week was seen as a course and the treatment was given for 2 courses. The indices were observed before and after treatment, including Northwick Park neck pain questionnaire (NPQ), short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ) [pain rating index (PRI), visual analogue scale (VAS) and present pain intensity (PPI)]. The effects were compared in the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, the NPQ score was lower than that before treatment in the two groups (both<0.01), and that in the fast acupuncture group was better (<0.01). All the items of SF-MPQ decreased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all<0.01), with the better results of PRI sensation score and PRI total score in the fast acupuncture group (both<0.05). The PRI feeling score, VAS score, and PPI score were not significantly different after treatment between the two groups (all>0.05). The total effective rate in the fast acupuncture group was 83.3% (25/30), not significantly different from 76.7% (23/30) in the retaining needle group (>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Fast acupuncture and retaining needle are both effective for the cervical type of cervical spondylosis, which can apparently improve the clinical symptoms. Fast acupuncture is superior to retaining acupuncture.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the efficacy differences between herb-partitioned moxibustion on navel and clomiphene for anovulatory infertility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>With double-blind double-dummy randomized control method, a total of 40 patients with anovulatory infertility were randomly divided into a moxibustion group and a clomiphene group, 20 cases in each one. Blinding was conducted on both patients and doctors. The patients in the moxibustion group were treated with herb-partitioned moxibustion on navel and oral administration of clomiphene placebo, while the patients in the clomiphene group were treated with placebo-partitioned moxibustion on navel and oral administration of clomiphene. The herb-partitioned moxibustion and placebo-partitioned moxibustion were given at the end of menstruation, 1.5 hours per treatment, once a week, and no treatment was given during menstruation. The oral administration of clomiphene and clomiphene placebo were given from 5 days into menstruation, 50 mg, once a day, for consecutive 5 days. One menstrual cycle was taken as one treatment course, and 3 treatment courses were conducted. After 3 treatment courses, the endometrial thickness (ET), maximum follicular diameter (MFD), ovulation rate (OR) and effective rate (ER) were evaluated between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Compared before treatment, ET was significantly increased after treatment in the two groups (both<0.05); after treatment, the ET in the moxibustion group was higher than that in the clomiphene group (<0.05). (2) After treatment, MFD was significantly increased in the moxibustion group (<0.05) and insignificantly increased in the clomiphene group (>0.05); the MFD in the moxibustion group was higher than that in the clomiphene group (<0.05). (3) The OR was 75.0% (15/20) and 65.0% (13/20) in the two groups respectively, which were not significantly different (>0.05). (4) The total ER in the moxibustion group was 95.0% (19/20), which was superior to 70.0% (14/20) in the clomiphene group (<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The clinical efficacy of herb-partitioned moxibustion at navel on anovulatory infertility was superior to that of clomiphene, but their effects on OR was similar.</p>
ABSTRACT
By collecting relevant ancient literature, with retention of urine, umbilical therapy and Shenque (CV 8) as key words, various umbilical therapies for retention of urine from thedynasty todynasty were retrieved and summarized. The results indicated rich knowledge of umbilical therapy was recorded in ancient literature (thedynasty to thedynasty), including 9 kinds of therapies e.g. sticking umbilical method, ironing umbilical method, pasting umbilical method, smearing umbilical method, filling umbilical method, sealing umbilical method, covering umbilical method, dripping umbilical method and bundling umbilical method. Moreover, the detailed methods were briefly explained. It is hoped to provide reference for modern application of umbilical therapy for retention of urine.
ABSTRACT
In clinical nursing practice, ethnics dilemmas which nurses facing with are not usually a simple question of right and wrong or yes and no, but two or more mutual conflicts under some special circumstances; In order to help nurses to understand and deal with ethnics dilemmas effectively and reasonably, the authors summarize the four different ethnics dilemmas: the different ethical principles selection dilemma, the different stakeholder selection dilemma, the different interpersonal ethnics dilemmas and the conflict of the nursing professional ethics and the role morality. Typical cases of common ethnic dilemmas were summarized and analyzed in this paper.
ABSTRACT
Objective To construct the gall-stone patients' nursing workload measurement project by Delphi method,so as to measure single disease workload scientifically and reasonably.Methods The gall-stone patients' nursing workload measurement project were designed on the basis of consulting literature and experts discussion,then two rounds of consultations were made with experts by using the Delphi method.Results The valid recovery rate of questionnaires of two rounds consultations were all 100％ (22/22).The expert authority coefficient was 0.886 1.Nursing workload measurement project,directly related to the gall bladder calculi 54 nursing projects,including technical 46,unskilled 7;indirectly related to the gall bladder calculi 36 nursing projects,including technical 17,unskilled 19.Conclusions The measurement project of gall-stone patient determined by Delphi method has high reliability,which is significant to the scientific measuring of nursing single disease workload.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol postconditioning on the activities of proapoptotic proteins Bid,Bim and Puma in rat cortical neurons subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/restoration (OGD/R) and the relationship with p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) signaling pathway.Methods The cortical neurons obtained from Sprague-Dawley rats (＜24 h after birth) were cultured in vitro and seeded in 6-well culture palate (2 ml/well).The cortical neurons were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =42 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),OGD/R group,propofol postconditioning group (group P),and propofol postconditioning + p38MAPK inhibitor SB202190 group (group PS).The neurons were subjected to O2-glucose deprivation for 90 min followed by restoration of O2-glucose supply for 24 h.In P and PS groups,propofol with the final concentration of 50 μmol/L was added to the culture medium immediately after restoration of O2-glucose supply,and the neurons were cultured for 2 h.SB202190 with the final concentration of 50 μmol/L was added to the culture medium at 1 h before O2-glucose deprivation,and the neurons were cultured for 2 h.The neuronal apoptosis was detected using Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining combined with flow cytometry,the number of viable neurons was evaluated by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay,and the amount of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) released was measured using colorimetric method.Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was assessed by JC-1 fluorescence assay.The expression of Bid,Bim and Puma proteins was determined by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the apoptosis rate and amount of LDH released were significantly increased,the neuronal survival rate and MMP were significantly decreased,and the expression of Bid,Bim and Puma was significantly up-regulated in group OGD/R (P＜0.05).Compared with group OGD/R,the apoptosis rate and amount of LDH released were significantly decreased,the neuronal survival rate and MMP were significantly increased,and the expression of Bid,Bim and Puma was significantly down-regulated in P and PS groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group P,the apoptosis rate and amount of LDH released were significantly increased,the neuronal survival rate and MMP were significantly decreased,and the expression of Bid,Bim and Puma was significantly up-regulated in group PS (P＜0.05).Conclusion Propofol postconditioning reduces OGD/R-induced injury to rat cortical neurons through activating p38MAPK signaling pathway and inhibiting activities of pro-apoptotic proteins Bid,Bim and Puma.
ABSTRACT
In order to improve the clinical efficacy of the umbilicus fumigation method, the ancient literature with the heat control of umbilicus fumigation method involved is collected extensively and analyzed systematically, and the heat control, precautions and contraindications of this method are discussed. In association with the cases and the present clinical experience, the main factors to the heat control are introduced, such as preparation of doughnuts, filling quantity, size of moxa cone and numbers of moxa cones so that the clinical application of the umbilicus fumigation method can be promoted and enhanced.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biomedical Research , China , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Pharmacology , Fumigation , History, Ancient , Hot Temperature , Medicine in Literature , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , History , Methods , UmbilicusABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo compare the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture at Diji (SP8) versus acupuncture at Dijiand Guanyuan (CV4) in treating primary dysmenorrhea, for exploring the combination relation of the commonly-used acupoints in acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea.MethodForty patients with primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into a single acupoint group and a double acupoint group, 20 in each group. The single acupoint group was intervened by acupuncture at Diji, while the double acupoint group was by acupuncture at Diji and Guanyuan. The change of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was observed and compared between the two groups.ResultThe changes of VAS score in the double acupoint group were more significant than that in the single acupoint group at each different time point.ConclusionAcupuncture at Diji alone and acupuncture at Diji and Guanyuan both can effectively treat primary dysmenorrhea; however, acupuncture at Diji and Guanyuan tends to produce a more significant effect than acupuncture at Diji alone; Diji and Guanyuan may work synergistically in acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea.
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the cumulative analgesic effects of electroacupuncture at Sanyinjiao (SP6), Xuanzhong (GB39) and non-acupoint in treating primary dysmenorrhea. Method By adopting a multi-centered randomized controlled study method, 501 patients recruited from Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Capital Medical University, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huguosi Hospital of Chinese Medicine of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and the Outpatient of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were randomized into a Sanyinjiao group, a Xuanzhong group, and a non-acupoint group, 167 subjects in each group. The electroacupuncture intervention was applied when dysmenorrhea flared up and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ≥40 mm, with frequency at 2/100 Hz and intensity during patient’s endurance, 30 min each time, once a day, and for successive 3 d. Before the first treatment, 30 min after the first treatment, and respectively prior to the second and third treatment, VAS was used to measure the pain intensity. Meanwhile, the Retrospective Symptom Scale (RSS-COX 2) was investigated before the first treatment, right after the removal of needles for the first treatment, before the second and third treatment. Result The decrease of VAS in Sanyinjiao group was more significant than that in Xuanzhong group and non-acupoint group (MD=﹣2.92 mm, P=0.028; MD=﹣3.47 mm, P=0.009), while there was no significant difference between Xuanzhong group and non-acupoint group (MD=﹣0.56 mm, P=0.674); there were no significant differences in comparing the RSS-COX2 total score among the three groups (P=0.086). Conclusion Sanyinjiao (SP6) can produce a more significant cumulative analgesic effect for primary dysmenorrhea patient than Xuanzhong and non-acupoint, and the effects of Xuanzhong and non-acupoit are equivalent.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the status of nutritional risk and nutritional support in general surgery patients, and to explore their association with postoperative complications and length of hospital stay.Methods From January 2014 to February 2015, 853 inpatients in general surgical wards in the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University were enrolled.Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) was used to estimate nutritional status of patients.The patients were divided into 2 groups based on whether they received nutritional support.The length of hospital stay in days and postoperative complications were recorded.The association of nutritional risk and nutritional support with complications and length of hospital stay were analyzed.Results In the 853 surgery patients, the prevalence of nutritional risk was 31.1％ (265/853) and that of malnutrition was 5.4％ (46/853).The incidence of postoperative complications was 14.2％ (121/853).The patients with nutritional risk had a significantly higher incidence of postoperative complications compared to those without nutritional risk [29.8％ (79/265) vs.7.1％ (42/588) , P ＜ 0.000] , and a longer hospital stay [(12.5 ±6.4) days vs.(4.2 ±3.9) days, P ＜0.001].In the 853 patients, 27.3％ (233/853) received nutrition support.In the patients with nutritional risk, those on nutritional support had a significantly lower incidence of complications compared with those not on nutritional support [16.7％ (32/192) vs.64.4％ (47/73), P＜0.05] and shorter hospital stay [(7.5±4.6) days vs.(16.3±8.5)days, P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions According to NRS 2002 result, a fairly high percentage of general surgery patients may have nutritional risk.Patients with decreased body mass, less dietary intake, and at higher age may be more likely to have nutritional risk.Nutritional risk may be associated with a higher incidence of postoperative complications and longer hospital stay.Patients at nutritional risk appear to be more likely to benefit from nutritional support.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo compare the real-time analgesic effects between two different groups of acupoints in treating primary dysmenorrhea, for providing objective evidences for optimizing the treatment protocol for primary dysmenorrhea.MethodSixty eligible patients with primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into 3 groups: group A received acupuncture at Sanyinjiao (SP6), group B received acupuncture at Sanyinjiao and Guanyuan (CV4), and group C as a blank control group, 20 cases in each group. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was observed prior to the acupuncture treatment, after the insertion of the needles, and after removal of the needles in the three groups.ResultThe VAS scores changed significantly in group A and B after intervention (P0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture at Sanyinjiao alone and acupuncture at Sanyinjiao and Guanyuan both can produce analgesic effect at the attackof primary dysmenorrhea. However, for optimizing the treatment protocol, selecting Sanyinjiao alone will be enough.
ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of herb-partitioned moxibustion at umbilicus in treating primarydysmenorrhea based on metabonomics.MethodTwenty patients with primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into two groups to respectively receive herb-partitioned moxibustion at umbilicus and moxa-stick moxibustion at umbilicus. After treatment for 3 menstrualcycles, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate abdominal pain, and LC-MS-based metabonomics analysis was adopted to detect the change of plasma metabolites.ResultAfter intervention, the VAS scores decreased with the menstrual cycles in both groups. The decrease of VAS score in herb-partitioned moxibustion group was more significant than that in moxa-stick moxibustion group (P<0.05); herb-partitioned moxibustion at umbilicus up-regulated the contents of 20α-dihydroprogesterone, pregnenolone, prostaglandin E2and?-propalanine, and down-regulated the contents of estrone and prostaglandin H2in plasma; moxa-stick moxibustion decreased the content of 5’-pyridoxal phosphate.ConclusionThe two methods both can improve abdominal pain in primary dysmenorrhea, while herb-partitioned moxibustion can produce a more significant efficacy than moxa-stick moxibustion, and its effect is possibly realized via regulating estrone, progesterone, and prostaglandin.
ABSTRACT
Objective] Introducing the research on acupoints compatibility in recent ten years in order to discuss the research ideas. [Methods]Through retrieval of all medical journals of CNKI from Jan.2004 to Sep.2014,thirty-four articles were selected and analyzed. Summarizing and commenting the progress on compatibility mode, mechanism and action nature aspects.[Results]The research has summarized the characteristics of acupoints compatibility on ancient acupuncture literature and researched the clinical application of classic compatibility, discussed the mechanism of acupoint compatibility on the metabolism of biological molecules, the spectrum of endogenous metabolites and the central mechanism, confirmed the synergic and antagonistic effects of acupiont compatibility. There are some progresses but also deficiencies. [Conclusion]The acupoints compatibility research should change into clinical application, take multi discipline research methods and use different ideas. The relationship between acupoints quantity and effect of compatibility must be a research direction.
ABSTRACT
Objective To treat the patients with primary dysmenorrhea by puncturing Shiqizhui (EX-B8) and observe the change and regularity of the analgesic effect with different needle-retaining time, for providing evidence for the optimal needle-retaining time. Method Ninety eligible subjects with primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into a 20 min group of 30 cases, a 30 min group of 30 cases, and a blank control group of 30 cases. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to observe the change before and after intervention with the time, and to compare the intergroup differences. Result The acupuncture groups started to show analgesic effect 10 min after needling, and the effect increased with the needle-retaining time (P＜0.05);the therapeutic efficacy of the 30 min group was significantly superior to that of the 20 min group (P＜0.01). Conclusion Acupuncture at Shiqizhui can produce a real-time analgesic effect for patients with primary dysmenorrhea, and retaining the needle for 30 min is superior to 20 min.